Institutional Mechanism of Overcoming of Spatial Development Disproportions: Foreign Experience

Abstract

In the article the essence of the concepts “institutional mechanism” and “meso-institutions” from the point of view of influence on the level of business activity of economic agents is disclosed. It is proved that effective work of institutional mechanism is, first of all, connected with state intervention in economic processes, realized in the form of regional policy. The results of analytical researches are presented proving that differentiation of social and economic position of various regions is the integral property of large territorial systems. It is demonstrated that the degree of spatial unevenness in Russia is many times more than in the developed countries, and many times exceeds the indicator calculated for intensively developing countries of Asia. The experience of institutional mechanism functioning of overcoming of regional development disproportions in Germany and China is analyzed. The retrospective analysis of economy development dynamics in Russia and China is carried out from the point of view of spatial unevenness. In closing the conclusion about the possibility of adaptation of the world experience concerning the questions of overcoming of regional development disproportions to Russian realities is made. The research is based on fundamental positions of regional and spatial economy. Comparative-historical method and method of retrospective analysis are used. The statistical base of the research is the indicators of social and economic position of the subjects of the Russian Federation and administrative units of foreign countries published by national statistical services.